Countryside in Shen Congwens Xiaxiao, Border Town and Mo Yans Red Sorghum

Learn about the Famous Resort Country of Monaco

Learn about the Famous Resort Country of Monaco Population: 32,965 (July 2009 estimate)Capital: MonacoArea: 0.77 square miles (2 sq km)Bordering Country: FranceCoastline: 2.55 miles (4.1 km)Highest Point: Mont Agel at 460 feet (140 m)Lowest Point: Mediterranean SeaMonaco is a small European country located between southeastern France and the Mediterranean Sea. It is considered the second smallest country in the world (after Vatican City) by area. Monaco has only one official city which is its capital and is famous as being a resort area for some of the worlds richest people. Monte Carlo, an administrative area of Monaco, is the countrys most famous area due to its location on the French Riviera, its casino, the Monte Carlo Casino, and several beach and resort communities.History of MonacoMonaco was first founded in 1215 as a Genoan colony. It then came under the control of the House of Grimaldi in 1297 and remained independent until 1789. In that year, Monaco was annexed by France and was under French control until 1814. In 1815, Monaco became a protectorate of Sardinia under the Treaty of Vienna. It remained a protectorate until 1861 when the Franco-Monegasque Treaty established its independence but it remained under the guardianship of France.Monacos first constitution was put into effect in 1911 and in 1918 it signed a treaty with France which stated that its government would support French military, political and economic interests and that if the Grimaldi dynasty (which still controlled Monaco at the time) were to die out, the country would remain independent but be under French protection.Throughout the mid 1900s, Monaco was controlled by Prince Rainier III (who took over the throne on May 9, 1949). Prince Rainier is most famous for his marriage to American actress Grace Kelly in 1956 who was killed in a car accident near Monte Carlo in 1982.In 1962, Monaco established a new constitution and in 1993 it became a member of the United Nations. It then joined the Council of Europe in 2003. In April 2005, Prince Rainier III died. He was the longest serving monarch in Europe at the time. In July of the same year his son, Prince Albert II ascended the throne.Government of MonacoMonaco is considered a constitutional monarchy and its official name is the Principality of Monaco. It has an executive branch of government with a chief of state (Prince Albert II) and a head of government. It also has a legislative branch with a unicameral National Council and a judicial branch with a Supreme Court.Monaco is also divided into four quarters for local administration. The first of these is Monaco-Ville which is the old city of Monaco and sits on a headland in the Mediterranean. The other quarters are La Condamine on the countrys port, Fontvieille, which is a newly build area, and Monte Carlo which is Monacos largest residential and resort area.Economics and Land Use in MonacoA large part of Monacos economy is focused on tourism as it is a popular European resort area. In addition, Monaco is also a large banking center, has no income tax and has low taxes for its businesses. Ind ustries other than tourism in Monaco include construction and industrial and consumer products on a small scale. There is no large scale commercial agriculture in the country.Geography and Climate of MonacoMonaco is the worlds second smallest country by area and is surrounded on three sides by France and on one by the Mediterranean Sea. It is located only 11 miles (18 km) from Nice, France and is close to Italy as well. Most of Monacos topography is rugged and hilly and its coastal portions are rocky.Monacos climate is considered Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters. The average low temperature in January 47 °F (8 °C) and the average high temperature in July is 78 °F (26 °C).More Facts about Monaco Monaco is one of the most densely populated countries in the world Locals from Monaco are called Monà ©gasques Monà ©gasques are not allowed to enter Monte Carlos famous Monte Carlo Casino and visitors must show their foreign passports upon entry The French make up the largest part of Monacos populationReferencesCentral Intelligence Agency. (2010, March 18). CIA - The World Factbook - Monaco. Retrieved from: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mn.htmlInfoplease. (n.d.). Monaco: History, Geography, Government, and Culture - Infoplease.com. Retrieved from: infoplease.com/ipa/A0107792.htmlUnited States Department of State. (2010, March). Monaco (03/10). Retrieved from: state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3397.htm

IMC PLAN For Door to Door Transportation Service Essay

IMC PLAN For Door to Door Transportation Service - Essay Example The target customers are concerned with â€Å"get† component and monetary price are not mainly of monetary concern. Thus Double M will adopt the pricing strategy based on the perspective of customer â€Å"Value is everything I want in a service† and adopts the prestige pricing strategy (Zeithaml, 550). Prestige pricing is a form of demand based pricing strategy which offers high quality services; Double M also aims to provide its target customers with high quality service along with a sign of status. The demand increases as price increases because it is believed that the costlier the service is the more value it has. Analyzing the customer base, it can be assumed that they are willing to spend in order to travel comfortably for daily activities, for their families and the senior members along with the institutional. Therefore the price charged will be high by Double M and will aim to provide value for its service to the target customers. If a normal rate of bus service is $10 assuming it to be the minimum fare, Double M would charge $20-$25 as its minimum fare for its door to door service and maximum would amount to $45 to $50 depending upon the distance and service. The primary pricing objective of Double M is to build demand and achieve minimum level of revenue and build a user base which is extremely important for service such as door to door transportation service as its new and it needs to generate revenue so to maintain itself in the industry. Pricing objective are important as pricing strategy depend on pricing objectives of the company. The pricing objective should be in line with the goals and objectives of the organizations (Petzer, 221). 25 cost items which tends to make up the price of the product includes, price of raw materials such as automobile parts, tiers, set covers, paint, design, lights, electricity, labor, fuel, terminals, maintenance, administrative, roadways, construction charges, salaries of lower level which varies, fuel taxes, weight mile taxes, trolls and marketing cost such as advertisements, promotional cost, printing cost for hoardings and pamphlets. Since the company has an option of online business other cost would include, website cost, design, up gradation and maintenance cost of the website. The target customers of Double M are not price sensitive because they want a service that will provide them with comfort and with an accurate satisfaction level. Since the target customers are mainly the daily commuters and their families, the need of safety and comfort will be valued highly by the customers. Similar is with the organizations, who would value the service rather than the price of the service charged. Hence it can be said that the target customers are not price sensitive and demand is inelastic. Irrespective of the prices charged or any changes taken place the customers would prefer to travel through door to door transportation service. Pricing strategy tends to include various promotion al techniques in order to attract the target customers and create a place in the market and in the minds of the customers. Double M would also adopt the promotional techniques as part of its marketing plan. During the launch of the service, Double M would go for promotional pricing and would offer certain percentage of discount for its travelers during the first month of its service along with added facility such as dropping the family members at 20% discount rate. This way the

Evaluate the potential motives behind Ho Chi Minhs triumph in Essay

Evaluate the potential motives behind Ho Chi Minhs triumph in liberating Vietnam from two great western powers between 1941 1965. To what does he owe his suc - Essay Example Considered ‘part Gandhi and part Lenin and all Vietnamese’, Ho Chi Minh’s use of communication methodologies peculiar to Vietnamese had been unknown to the western world. America too had joined French to help contain Vietnamese Revolution with its own justification. But for these interventions, Vietnamese would have unseated French by revolution themselves as dictated by communist ideologies they had embraced. Ho Chi Minh was more than any single man of the twentieth century. He had completely reflected the aspirations of the Vietnamese people to whom he was ‘Uncle Ho’ and to the French, he was ‘communist agitatator’. His rhetorical discourse motivated Vietnamese to unite together and rally behind him which helped him end the 87 year old French Colonial rule, once in 1945 and again in 1954 subsequent to French reoccupation in 1946 and the American invasion which came to an in 1974. No leader of twentieth century had the capability of HO C hi Minh to unite the divided people. Main reason for the debacle of the U.S. was due to its lack of understanding of the Vietnamese politics reinforced by Ho Chi Minh’s leadership. (DeCaro, 2003, p 1-3) Ho Chi Minh had been formerly known as Nguyen Ai Quoc until 1942. He was in Chinese prison throughout 1942 and in January 1943 when he came into contact with a Chinese revolutionary Chang Fakwei and joined his organization on release under the name of Ho Chi Minh mainly to travel in China secretly as a blind peasant (Sainteny, 1972 p 34-35) Ho Chi Minh was a ruthless to any one whether a friend or foe if he felt he was opposed to his cause. He would have that person assassinated or jailed. He also made a lot of political blunders prior to 1945 and when he negotiated with French and the United States in 1945-46. (De Caro, 2003 p7) Ho was born in 1890 in the family of scholars and mandarins. His father was born to a concubine and hence did not have respect in his society. He however managed to

Effects of Performance Evaluation Systems on Employee Morale Research Paper

Effects of Performance Evaluation Systems on Employee Morale - Research Paper Example In human resources management, morale is defined as â€Å"the extent to which an employee’s needs are met ant the extent to which the person perceives that satisfaction as stemming from his or her total job situation; (it is) synonymous with satisfaction†. Job satisfaction and employee motivation are two of the more important concerns of the human resource function in any organization as most of these recognize, that its people are its most important resources. Therefore it is to their ultimate advantage to take care and provide for the needs of their employees. People’s needs are of course determined by different sources and these needs variously control their motivations or the driving forces behind their behaviors. In the study of employee morale therefore, the theories on motivation could be useful to explain this psychological construct. One of the most influential theories upon which many managers base their performance management approach is Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory. As people engage in activities that increase their satisfaction, the study of Maslow’s theory becomes important as it explains what particular needs people are trying to gratify through their pursuits. The theory proposes that there are five levels of needs, namely, physiological or the need for food, shelter, water, clothing and other biological needs; security or the need to for protection and safety; belongingness or the need for affection and love; esteem or the need for recognition either from himself or from others; and the highest need of self-actualization which is the desire for self-fulfillment. Maslow emphasizes that the needs in the lower rungs of the hierarchy should be met first before an individual can satisfy the higher level needs. This theory has important implications to management as it points out cl early which needs are to be met and provided at which stage at work and which could be used to motivate them (Jones, 2007). The need for esteem in particular relates to the need of employees to be recognized for their accomplishments, expertise, or skills. If an employee is motivated by this particular need, then providing timely and constructive feedback on how he does at work may encourage him to give a better performance. Another prominent theory on employee motivation is Victor Vroom’s Expectancy Theory which argues that employees will be more motivated to work if they believe that their efforts will lead to higher performance and that this better performance will result to more rewards (Jones (2007). It means then that if an employee will be provided knowledge about his past performance, he can gauge the likeliness of his success or failure in a future or similar task. Performance evaluation systems should be sensitive then to detect low performance so that managers can provide encouragement and the necessary support like coaching or training to underperforming employees. In the same vein, if the evaluation results show that an employee is performing very well at work, then managers’ congratulatory notes can boost the employee’s morale and self-confidence in his abilities and success at work. Psychologists Henry Murray and David McClelland introduced the Acquired Needs Theory which posits that individuals obtain

The UK Fast Food Market

The UK Fast Food Market UK is the country which has the highest fast-food consumption in the world. The country is known for having different cultures and a different cultural taste has a large impact on the global success of the fast food industry at national level. The UK fast food market grew by 5.2% to reach a value of $2.2 billion in 2008 (Datamonitor August 2009) The main players in the fast food industry: Sandwiches: Greggs, Subway and Thurstens Burgers: McDonalds and Burger King Chicken: KFC Pizza: Pizza Hut Dominos Pizza Fish and Chips Indian and Chinese Takeaway The external environment of the fast food industry can be properly analysed by applying PESTEL. It is a tool which helps in analysing the Political, Economic, Social and Technological environment of an industry. PESTEL analysis is a useful strategic tool for understanding market growth or decline, business position, potential and direction for operations. (Kotler 1998) PESTEL Analysis of the UK fast food industry: (P)olitical: The labelling of GM (Genetically Modified) food became important since April 2004 as new rules relating to GM labelling came into force. The motive behind GM labelling is to inform the customers if any ingredients in the food are genetically modified as it is the customers right to take a decision whether or not to buy such a product. The UK government is bringing strict regulations for the food sellers to inform the customers if the food items contain genetically modified ingredients. The political surrounding can be strongly affected marketers decisions. There has been increased regulation of business in recent times. The fast-food market was highly affected by the introduction of (GST) Goods Service Tax which resulted in the changes of prices in fast food outlets while the prices of other food items remained unchanged. Therefore, the fast food industry gives more emphasis on service rather than product stating that the customer will not get such type of service in their homes to differentiate them. (E)conomic The cost for setting-up a fast food joint or an outlet is very low. Therefore it becomes comparatively easy to enter the market. Franchising is an added beneficial factor and helps in setting up a good brand image. The market is growing as ever and a growing market is very important for the fast food industry. At the time of recession, the fast food restaurants do better business than other expensive restaurants as the price factor becomes important at such times. People tend to cut-down their expenses as their disposable income is less. (S)ocial The fast food industry in the UK pays a close attention to the requirements of the UK society. The people in UK have busy lifestyles and the fact that fast food restaurants are known for a quick and convenient service, they have become a part of the fast paced UK lifestyle. The people are a becoming more health conscious and have started adopting healthy eating as obesity is a known problem in UK. The fast food restaurants are known for serving foods which are high on calories. (T)echnological The fast food industry is a growing industry and technology has played an important role for the ongoing success. They have to keep up with the fast pace of changing technology to keep themselves in competition. A recent example to this is McDonalds installing Electronic Funds Transfer at Point of Sale (EFTPOS) which is accepting debit or credit cards from customers at the time of their purchase. Online marketing for kids such as games, promotions of new products and offers on the website. Computerised order-taking and billing systems (till system). The recent improvements in technology especially in the fast food industry have been due to increased regulation. The increased regulation on health has resulted in the standards of safety to be stricter. This means that the customers have no doubt about the quality and service and they know that it is of the finest possible standard and so they can enjoy the product. (E)nvironmental Fast food outlets like KFC, McDonalds and Burger King are majorly known for the production and consumption of food derived from animals. Proper measures have to be taken to consider animal rights campaigns as there have been many campaigns relating to mistreatment of animals in slaughter houses. Prices of resources like oil and coal are on a rise and therefore the prices of fast food products are likely to increase as the cost of transportation increases. An environmentally friendly company has a good image in the minds of consumers. The packaging in McDonalds was changed to paper in 1991 from polystyrene boxes as the consumers demanded for a more environmentally friendly packaging. This has a good effect on the minds of the consumers that the food they are eating does not affect the environment. (L)egal The fast food industry has to adopt proper Health and Safety guidelines as they are associated with food. Such political factors are of great importance to the fast food industry as it can affect the industry to a great extent. Food standard agency is an agency which is responsible for the health of public in relation to food in the UK. It is important for the fast food industry to follow the regulations imposed by the FSA (Food Standard Agency) in the interest of public health. Porters Five forces model is designed to analyse the structure of the industry. Porters 5 Forces Analysis of UK Fast Food Market Buyer Power The fact that not everyone enjoys fast food has resulted in the weakening of buyer power in fast food industry but it is highly popular with maximum UK consumers. Brakes and 3663 are the leading suppliers/distributers in the UK which has concentrated the food service supply market. The fast food companies offer different range of foods and keep them differentiated from others. Major companies invest heavily in brand building with the help of advertising and keeping a unique and uniform visual style of their restaurants. Hence, buyer power is weakened and consumer loyalty is strengthened. Consumer loyalty is increased by some companies by rewards programs, competition and giving free gifts for example McDonalds offer a free toy in Happy Meals. The buyer power is however strengthened to an extent by insignificant costs of switching and a quantity of price sensitivity. Therefore buyer power is not high or low, it is moderate. (Datamonitor August 2009) Supplier Power One important input in the fast food market is food. UK has a concentrated food supply market with Brakes and 3663 as the leading suppliers or distributors. The suppliers have decreased their dependence on the fast food companies as they have other kinds of profit foodservice and cost foodservice customers. It is important for the fast food companies to maintain their suppliers who offer marketable quality food which is at a low cost. Therefore, the supplier power is increased in the UK market. Labour plays an important part in the fast food business and the laws in UK like the minimum wage law strengthens the employees who are considered as the suppliers of labour. This indicates that the supplier power is high and strong. (Datamonitor August 2009) Threat of new entrants The rules and regulations in the UK have certain barriers to entry. There may be some limitations implied by the local authority on the number of restaurants of a particular type, but this type of barrier is limited to an extent. It is difficult for a new entrant in the industry to gain profits and do well in the initial stage as there is low consumer loyalty and some barriers to gain entry in the fast food industry. There may be problems on getting into prime locations and places which are busy like high streets. Some fast food chains get into a location by buying or signing leases just to prevent a rival getting into that location. The cost of setting up a new chain is relatively low and recent years have seen many new entrants in the market. The ease of entering a market and expanding has been demonstrated by chains like Subway. Thus this can prove to be a serious threat which is more serious to smaller chains that have the benefit of wide market support. Therefore, the likelihood of new entrants is high. (Datamonitor August 2009) Threat of substitutes The fast food substitutes include other forms of food service and retails like ready-to-eat meals, frozen foods etc for home cooking. As fast food is cheaper than any other form of food service, substitutes do not challenge the price of fast food and the main purpose of fast food does not comply with substitutes as the convenience factor in fast food goes missing. Fast food has faced many forms of criticism of being unhealthy while retail food promises to consumers of being healthy. Substitutes also offer a wide range of products. Therefore substitutes pose a moderate threat to the fast food industry. (Datamonitor August 2009) Rivalry of existing customers There is a huge competition in the fast food industry in which McDonalds in the leading fast food which serves more than 2.5 million customers on a daily basis company in the industry (McDonalds 2008). Other competitors in the market include Burger King, KFC and Subway. There are other small independent fish and chip outlets, burger shops and kebab corners which include in the competition. The dominant firms control a larger share of the fast food industry and they are able to hold this share due to the high amount of marketing done by them. Ready-prepared sandwich market is the most popular fast food which accounts of 1/3rd of the food market. It is followed by the burger which is dominated by McDonalds and Burger King. The fish and chip sector comes next which is made of independent shops and has a market share which is half to that of the burger. The location of the fast food restaurant acts as an important key in the rivalry of the food industry. Therefore, threat of existing customers is high in the fast food industry. (Datamonitor August 2009) Swot analysis is a tool for auditing and analysing the environment of a company. It stands for strengths, weakness, opportunity and threats. SWOT analysis of McDonalds (S)trengths McDonalds is been in business since 1955 and has built up huge brand equity. It is the number one fast food company in UK in terms of food service sales with 12% share of the total sector in 2008. (Euromonitor International 2008). It has 31000 restaurants across the world which serves fries and burgers in nearly 120 countries. It retains its customers through continuous innovation and product development. It also provides a clean environment for customers. Due to its wide reach across the world, it gives McDonalds to handle economic fluctuations which can arise in a country. It can operate effectively even at times of recessions as there a social need among the people to get comparatively cheap and good quality food. Their global restaurants are adapted to meet the requirements of different cultures. For example, lamb burgers are served in India and they have separate entrances for families and single women in the Middle East. Large scale investment has carried to support the franchise network of McDonalds. Approximately 85% of restaurants worldwide are owned and operated by franchisees. In 1997, it was named Entrepreneurs number one franchise. Food safety is taken very seriously in McDonalds and there are around 2000 checks performed on every stage of food preparation It has a loyal staff and a strong management team. It provides professional training for its employees. More than 250,000 employees graduate from the Hamburger university which is a McDonalds training facility. (W)eaknesses McDonalds could not compete with the fast food pizza chain as it failed to test market pizza as a substantial product. More money spent on training due to employee turnover. The customers are becoming more health conscious which has been reflected in the sales in McDonalds to an extent as burgers and fries are known to be high on calories. (O)pportunities In this health conscious society, a need for low calorie food has arisen. Introduction of low calorie foods like low calorie burger and fries cooked in low calorie oil can be a great opportunity. Some McDonalds outlets have a playground for kids which are an attraction for kids. More outlets should have such playgrounds to attract families with kids. A dining-out market is a recent hit among the young generation and the middle age group. This can be seen as an opportunity for McDonalds in attracting more young and middle aged group by having restaurants which have a dine-out section. With the upcoming Olympics in 2012 and the FIFA World Cup in South Africa is a great opportunity and is predicted to have a positive impact on McDonalds as it is a principle sponsor of both football and Olympics. Enter the coffee selling market and compete with coffee shops like Costa and Starbucks by opening McCafe which is especially dedicated in selling coffee and having Wi-Fi internet to attract coffee shop goers. Also, get into the sandwich making segment which McDonalds is left out of. Provide optional food for people with allergies like nut free and gluten free. Expanding more into the emerging markets of India and China. (T)hreats Consumers adopting healthier lifestyles and nutrition can prove as a threat as McDonalds is known for serving food which is high on calories. McDonalds has been criticized by parents for spoiling their children as young as one year olds by their marketing tactics which include happy meals with toys and popular movie tie-ups. Threats from local competitors like Burger King, KFC, Subway and other individual burger outlets. Recession may reduce the sales in McDonalds to an extent as the spending among people is reduced due to less disposable income. Threats from contamination of the food like e-coli which was recent in the UK. Sources (Hoovers (2008), http://www.hoovers.com/mcdonalds/-ID__10974-/freeuk-co-factsheet.xhtml [2] McDonalds Annual Report (2008) [3] http://www.dlea.com.au/?Community/Health_and_Nutrition/Health_and_Nutrition [4] Jobber, (2006), Principles and Practices of Marketing, 3rd Edition)

Paradise Lost Essays -- essays papers

Paradise Lost The poem is divided up into 12 books. The verse is English heroic without rhyme, as that of Homer in Greek, and of Virgil in Latin. (Knopf, 1996) â€Å"This neglect then of rhyme so little is to be taken for a defect, though it may seem so perhaps to vulgar readers, that it rather is to be esteemed an example set, the first in English, of ancient liberty recovered to heroic poem from the troublesome and modern bondage of writing.† (Knopf, 1996) Book One proposes the whole subject of the poem of mans disobedience and the loss of the Paradise where God had placed him. The serpent or Satan is talked about whom is the prime cause of mans fall. Satan who was once at Gods side had revolted and was driven out of heaven along with thousands of angels to a place of â€Å"utter darkness, filtiest called Chaos.†(Knopf, 1996) While they were recovering from being banished from heaven, Satan regroups them with a speech that they still have a chance to regain heaven. In his speech he also tells them of a new world that is to be created along with a new being. To find out if this prophecy is true, Satan convenes a full council in his palace called Pandemonium. This book ends as the consultation begins. Book Two is where the debate among his council has begun and they are discussing basically three ideas. They are wondering if another battle will help them with the recovery of heaven and if it would be detrimental to their efforts. Some are for this proposal and others against it. The third proposal is to find out the truth of the prophecy of a new world and a new being. Whether the being is equal to them, or inferior. Satan will undertake this journey alone, which is seen as a very honorable thing to do.... ...oo bitter of a man, as he had already lost just about everything except his ability to write at the very end. He will always be an icon in literature, and my look on life is broader for having had the chance to scratch the surface of the man known as John Milton. Bibliography: Hill, John Spencer. John Milton: Poet, Priest and Prophet. London: Macmillin, 1979 http://axil.uttawa.a/~phoenix/jm-ch-2.htm Marlowe, Christopher. Milton-What’s His Gig? milton.html@www.missouri.edu Milton, John. Paradise Lost. (Electronic version.) Internet WWW at URL: http://dreamfarer.home.mindspring.com/milton.htm (accessed [March 1998]). Patterson, Frank Allen. The Student’s Milton. Appleton-Century-Crofts, Inc. New York 1961 Steadman, John M. Milton and the Renaissance Hero. Oxford at the Clarendon Press, 1967

Nelson Mandela a Transformation Leader

Nelson Mandela A Transformation Leader This week we are asked to discuss a prominent leader that we admire, Nelson Mandela was an easy choice for me. An effective leader according to the text is â€Å"someone who works with, motivates, and helps followers to attain their common organizational goals† (Weiss, 2011, p. 234). This definition is true of Mandela and his transformational leadership style has impacted his followers and the people around him. I think he is a transformational leader that many leaders should inspire to become more like.Mandela used his ethical, charismatic, authority to inspire his nation to change and exemplifies transformational leadership. The four characteristics of a transformational leader, along with other characteristics like charisma, ethics, and being a servant are all embodied in the leadership of Mandela and make him a true inspiration. A transformational leader according to the text â€Å"influence, inspire move and latterly transform follo wers to achieve organizational goals beyond their self interest’(Weiss, 2011, p. 1). Nelson Mandela freed South Africa from the system of racism and violent prejudice to help the whole nation. He often said that â€Å"Courage is not the absence of fear–it's inspiring others to move beyond it†(Stengel, 2008, par. 5). This is one of the major components of a transformational leader, the ability to inspire others. He used his inspirational motivation to focus efforts and unite the entire nation. Nelson spent his life being the role model he wanted others to follow.When he got out of jail he included the people he despised such as his jailers and the people that imprisoned him in his cabinet because he knows the importance of elevating others. One article stated that Mandela did this because â€Å" leadership is not about helping those who already love you to love you more – it’s about convincing those who doubt you that you can be trusted† (Bar ling, 2010, p. 3). This is the example of idealized influence that Mandela used to be a transformational leader. He also gave individualized consideration to the people that he leads.Mandela was a very hands on leader, he took the time to learn the Afrikaans language so he could communicate with them. According to Stengel â€Å"  By speaking his opponents' language, he might understand their strengths and weaknesses and formulate tactics accordingly. But he would also be ingratiating himself with his enemy† (2008, par. 18). Nelson would attend funerals and call people on there birthdays. In using the personal approach with his followers he demonstrated the characteristics of individualized consideration in transformational leadership.He also has the last characteristic of a transformational leader, intellectual simulation. Mandela helped people even while he was imprison. He encouraged the other prisoners to educate themselves. He also helped to push the freedom charter. Ma ndela shared his knowledge and while he was in prison he would also use his education as a lawyer to help the warders with their legal problems. Mandela used his leadership style to bring changes to his country even at the expense of his freedom. Mandela also demonstrates the qualities of a servant leader.From the very beginning he had one goal of uniting both white and black Africans for the good of the nation, Nelson’s primary goal was helping others. He also was a good listener and would often be the last one to speak in conferences he had with his cabinet, he knew that letting other people think they were leading was often the best way to go. He inspired others through trust when he allowed the same people that imprisoned him to be a part of his presidency. He worked towards feasible goals and when he realized it was not feasible he let it go.For example Nelson wanted to change the voting age to fourteen but when he realized that he did not have support he let the issue g o knowing it would just be a waste of time. Mandela always helped people, even in jail he helped wardens and other inmates. Nelson used his knowledge to help people and never expected anything in return. Another great characteristic was he is authentic, what you see is what you get. Nelson Mandel is a transformational leader with ethical, charismatic, and servant characteristics that helped change a nation with a leadership style that was selfless and committed.He is the example of a leader that I would strive to be like. Having a charismatic, ethical image has helped him reach goals that others thought would not be possible. I would strive to be as inspiring as he has been in some of the tough situations he has faced. I think that he shows how positive a transformational leader can be for a country. References Barling, J. (2010) Transformational Leadership. Retrieved from http://www. iedp. com/Pages/DocumentManager/Transformational%20Leadership%20by%

Peach Butter Essays

Peach Butter Essays Peach Butter Essays roasted eggplant with tomatoes and mint One of the things I’ve been fiddling around with last year is the idea of making bruschetta without, you know, bread. I shared a Thanksgiving-inspired version last November, but was itching for a late summer spin on it when I created this. I’m the kind of person who would happily eat appetizers for dinner any day - I’m pretty sure if I had nobody else to feed, I’d have subsisted on nothing but pan con tomate, blistered padrons, pink wine and Gossip Girl season one reruns the entire month of August - but it doesn’t really cut it with a family of three. Instead, I spend a lot of time throwing things together for the sake of being a grown-up, a grown-up who doesn’t really have an excuse (such as, she hates cooking or doesn’t know how to cook, etc.) not to make dinner but still forgot to make it again, and quite often, these meals involve some element of roasting the bleep out of well-seasoned vegetables high heat cookery. For the kid, that usually suffices but we grownups get bored more easily, and it’s from that boredom that I started making small, finely chopped and loudly flavored salads and spooning them on top of my roasted vegetable du jour. In this case, it’s eggplant with a Mediterranean-ish topping. We found it completely addictive and less heavy somehow than eating the same on pieces of toast. This recipe also shows up in the September issue of Everyday Food magazine. One sweltering morning in July, a team of people showed up to my apartment to take pictures of me making this dish. It was kind of an unusual experience, to say the least, as my apartment is tiny, my kitchen is tinier and while the sum total of things I use to take pictures for this site are 1. A counter. 2. A window. 3. A camera, it turns out things are a tad more elaborate among professionals. This probably explains why magazine photos are consistently shiny, pretty and well-executed and I get away with ones that are more†¦ â€Å"rustic†! So I thought I’d share some neurotic drivel stories about that day, and please, please feel free to skip this part if you understandably never wanted to hear about my lack of fashion sense. First, I should probably explain something that might already be obvious from the lack of photos of me on this site: man, do I hate having my picture taken! I totally panic. â€Å"Cameras steal souls, don’t they?† my face always appears to say as I smiled awkwardly. They offered to send over hair and makeup people and I was like, â€Å"Oh, ha ha, that’s too high maintenance for me.† [You know, because having your photo in a hugely circulated magazine is a great time to show off how low-maintenance you can be!] I vow to be nothing but high-maintenance from this point forward in fact, I’d like someone to come over right now and make my hair look pretty. Wait, it doesn’t work like that? Drat. The second thing I should probably explain is that [shockingly] I’m also not exactly a fashion plate. Sometimes I dream about hiring a stylist because I’m so bad at shopping for myself (the last time I counted, had six denim and four corduroy skirts in my closet) but then I realized they’d probably talk me into buying a ridiculously overpriced orange shawl that I’d never actually wear, and I go back to shopping for myself, likely for more denim skirts. Why am I sharing this sad tidbit? Because the day of the shoot, I wore one of my typically innovative outfits (ha) to greet the team at the door and was met with a â€Å"So! Let’s go to your closet and pick out an outfit for the shoot, something colorful.† I nervously led them to my closet where they, to their credit, didn’t say a word about the corduroy skirt situation but picked out the one single solitary bright, colorful item within (a dress) and then asked which apron I wanted to we ar. It turned out that I also do not own an apron, or I do, but I didn’t know where it was because I hadn’t used it in so many years which sent this team on a 9 a.m apron hunt through Lower

The Meaning and Impact of Linda Nochlins Feminist Art Criticism

The Meaning and Impact of Linda Nochlin's Feminist Art Criticism Linda Nochlin was a renowned art critic, historian, writer, and researcher. Through her writing and academic work, Nochlin became an icon of the feminist art movement and history. Her best known essay is titled Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists?, in which she examines the societal reasons that prevented women from gaining recognition in the art world. Key Takeaways Nochlins essay Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists? was published in 1971 in ARTnews, a visual arts magazine.Written from an academic perspective, the essay became a pioneering manifesto for the feminist art movement and feminist art history.Through her academic work and her writing, Nochlin was instrumental in changing the language that surrounds the way we speak of artistic development, paving the way for many of those outside the norm, not just women, to find success as artists. Personal Life Linda Nochlin was born in 1931 in Brooklyn, New York, were she grew up an only child in a wealthy Jewish family. She inherited a love of the arts from her mother and was immersed in New York’s rich cultural landscape from a young age. A volume of Nochlins writing in which her famous essay appears.   Courtesy burlington.co.uk Nochlin attended Vassar College, then a single-sex college for women, where she minored in art history. She pursued a Master’s in English literature at Columbia University before completing doctoral work in art history at the Institute of Fine Arts at New York University while also teaching as a professor of art history at Vassar (where she would teach until 1979). While Nochlin is most famous for her role in feminist art history, she also made a name for herself as a scholar with wide academic interests, writing books on subjects as diverse as realism and impressionism, as well as several volumes of her essays originally published in various publications, including ARTnews and Art in America. Nochlin died in 2017 at the age of 86. At the time of her death she was a Lila Acheson Wallace professor of art history emerita at NYU. â€Å"Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists?† Nochlin’s most famous text is the 1971 essay, originally published in ARTnews, titled â€Å"Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists?,† in which she investigated the institutional roadblocks which have prevented women from ascending to the top ranks of art throughout history. The essay is argued from an intellectual and historical angle, rather than a feminist one, though Nochlin did secure her reputation as a feminist art historian after the publishing of this essay. In her writing, she insisted that the investigation into the inequity in the art world would only serve the arts as a whole: perhaps an interest in why women artists have been systematically excluded from the art historical canon will prompt a thorough investigation into the contexts of all artists, resulting in a more authentic, factual, and intellectually rigorous assessment of art history in general. Characteristic of Nochlin as a writer, the essay methodically lays out an argument to answer the titular question. She begins by insisting on the importance of her essay, in order to assert an â€Å"adequate and accurate view of history†. She then launches into the question at hand. Many feminist art historians, she argues, will try to answer her question by insisting it is predicated on false claims. Indeed, there have been great women artists, they just have produced in obscurity and have never made it into the history books. While Nochlin agrees that there is not nearly enough scholarship on many of these women, the possible existence of female artists that have reached the mythical status of â€Å"genius,† simply would state that the â€Å"status quo is fine,† and that the structural changes that feminists are fighting for have already been achieved. This, Nochlin says, is untrue, and she spends the rest of her essay outlining why. â€Å"The fault lies not in our stars, our hormones, our menstrual cycles, or our empty internal spaces, but in our institutions and our education,† she writes. Women were not permitted to attend live drawing sessions from a nude model (though women were permitted to model nude, an assertion of her place as object and not as self possessed maker), which was an essential chapter of an artist’s education in the 19th century. If not permitted to paint the nude, the few women painters that existed were forced to resort to subjects that were lower in the hierarchy of value assigned to different genres of art at the time, that is, they were relegated to painting still lives and landscapes. Add to this an art historical narrative that values the rise of innate genius and the insistence that wherever genius resides it will make itself known. This type of art historical myth making finds its origins in the biographies of such revered artists as Giotto and Andrea Mantegna, who were â€Å"discovered† tending flocks of livestock in the rural landscape, as close to the â€Å"middle of nowhere† as can be. The perpetuation of the artistic genius is detrimental to the success of female artists in two significant ways. First, it is a justification that, indeed, there are no great female artists because, as is implicitly stated in the genius narrative, greatness makes itself known regardless of circumstance. If a woman possessed genius, her talent would best all adverse conditions in her life (poverty, social duties, and children included) to make her â€Å"great.† Second, if we do accept the ex nihilo genius story, we are not inclined to study art as it exists in context, and therefore are more prone to ignoring important influences (and therefore, more inclined to discount the other intellectual forces surrounding an artist, which may include female artists and artists of color). Of course, there are many life circumstances that make the road to becoming an artist more straightforward. Among them is the custom that an artist profession is passed from father to son, making the choice to be an artist a tradition rather than a break from it, as it would be for women artists. (Indeed, a majority of the most famous pre-20th century women artists were the daughters of artists, though they are, of course, notable exceptions.)   Regarding these institutional and social circumstances as the situation that artistically-inclined women are up against, it is no wonder that more of them have not ascended to the heights of their male contemporaries. Reception Nochlin’s essay was widely acclaimed, as it provided the foundations on which to build alternative understandings of art history. It certainly provided the scaffolding on which other seminal essays such as Nochlin’s colleague Griselda Pollock’s â€Å"Modernity and the Spaces of Femininity† (1988), in which she argues that many women painters did not ascend to the same heights of some other Modernist painters because they were denied access to the spaces best suited to the Modernist project (that is, spaces like Manet’s Folies Bergà ¨re or Monet’s docks, both places from which single women would be discouraged). Artist Deborah Kass believes that Nochlins pioneering work made women’s and queer studies possible (ARTnews.com) as we know them today. Her words have resonated with generations of art historians and have even been emblazoned on T-shirts produced by upscale French fashion label Dior. Though there is still a great disparity between the representation of male versus female artists (and still a greater one between women of color and white female artists), Nochlin was instrumental in changing the language that surrounds the way we speak of artistic development, paving the way for many of those outside the norm, not just women, to find success as artists. Sources (2017). ‘A True Pioneer’: Friends and Colleagues Remember Linda Nochlin. ArtNews.com. [online] Available at: artnews.com/2017/11/02/a-true-pioneer-friends-and-colleagues-remember-linda-nochlin/#dk.Smith, R. (2017). Linda Nochlin, 86, Groundbreaking Feminist Art Historian, Is Dead. The New York Times. [online] Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/01/obituaries/linda-nochlin-groundbreaking-feminist-art-historian-is-dead-at-86.htmNochlin, L. (1973). â€Å"Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists?†Ã‚  Art and Sexual Politics, Collier Books, pp. 1–39.

Chemistry of Hazardous Chemicals Week V multiple choice questions and Essay

Chemistry of Hazardous Chemicals Week V multiple choice questions and 2 questions - Essay Example The second method is the oxidation-reduction process. Most of the compounds decomposed by this method react explosively to thermal decomposition. For this reason, DOT does not allow carriers to transport them. A good example of these compounds is the ammonium dichromate (NH4)2Cr2O7(s), which decompose to chromium (III) oxide Cr2O3 (s), nitrogen (N2 (g)) and water (H2O (l)) on heating as illustrated in equation 2. Sulfur and finely divided metals are flammable; hence ignite readily at normal burning temperatures. In this regard, they can quickly expose ammonium nitrate to fire if not segregated. However, exposing bulk ammonium nitrate to fire may result in an explosive thermal decomposition of this compound to various products, including the toxic nitrogen dioxide (Meyer, 2010). As such, OSHA requires the segregation as mentioned earlier to prevent explosion of ammonium nitrate and life-threatening gases like nitrogen dioxide. This precaution is meant to ensure that ammonium nitrate does not leak into areas that it might be confined in case of fire. As seen from recent research (Meyer, 2010), exposing bulk ammonium nitrate to fire scenes results into its thermal decomposition at explosive rates, from which it might also produce the toxic nitrogen dioxide gas. Water is the primary solvent used to dissolve solutes. Additionally, metallic oxidizers are readily soluble in water. For this reason, their chemical reactivity is eliminated through diluting them in water. In doing this, the oxidation-reduction reaction of oxidizers is slowed down. As result, water as a solvent turns out as an excellent extinguisher of an oxidizer-supported fire. The compromised container will cause leakages of trichloro-s-triazinetrione or calcium hypochlorite stored in it. Being a strong oxidizing agent, it may cause thermal explosion. The primary rationale to support this argument is that the water left behind after the firefighters efforts to

Find article themes, analyze, critique, synthesize and write a Essay

Find article themes, analyze, critique, synthesize and write a conclusion - Essay Example Another theme in the readings, developed through March and Olsen is institutionalism, which the authors define as a study of political entities and their relationships, through theoretical concepts and formulated hypotheses (2005). Institutionalization establishes constraints within which actors in an economic system (Ingram and Silverman, 2002). Closely related to these themes is the theme of susceptible governance whose remedy is an extensive network through â€Å"collaboration† and â€Å"performance management systems† (Imperial, 2004, p. 4). The theme is evident among practitioners as they seek to achieve better governance in an environment that experience forces from both public and private sectors. Significance of relationships between members of the networks through mutual benefit is another theme that the readings establish through Stephenson’s article (n.d.) and Milward support through his proposed guide to manager’s selection and application of c ollaborative networks (2006). Virtual networks through technology promote the networking (Alstyne 1997). The theme of economic governance is also significant in the readings and is developed through Mintzberg’s article (1996). ... The concept of market failure is a tool to government’s intervention in the economy but its validity and application is questioned. While the market failure concept initially guided government’s point of intervention to regulate the economy, its role diversified to determination of intervention strategies while little attention has been paid to the concept’s validity and empirical and theoretical background into the concept do not exist. Existence of discrepancies, contrary to expectations under mixed market in which forced interact to ensure efficient resource allocation, shows that the market failure concept has failed. Government’s efforts to use the concepts towards resource allocation and optimization of social benefits have also failed and this discredits validity of the concept as applied by the government. Regulations towards environmental conservation such as taxes to curtail excessive pollution have for instance failed to identify inadequacy of t he market failure concept (Vogel, 2009). Existence of externalities also challenges applicability of the market failure concept because it induces the need for a wider perspective to determining market failure (Tragakes, 2011). These challenges to the market failure concept therefore supports the proposal that the concept is ineffective and are consistent with Zerbe and McCurdy’s perspective that the government misuses the concept to justify its intervention in the economy. The theme of unreasonable use of the market failure concept is also evident in the readings and while it offers a basis for criticizing governance, it does not disqualify the need for government intervention in the economy. This position is informed because the society expects government intervention to ensure fair